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Portable Gasoline Analysis with mid-FTIR 
IROX is an extremely compact, robust and user friendly Mid-FTIR spectrometer for the automatic measurement of the concentration of the most important components of gasoline. Thanks to an improved mathematical model and the use of a built-in density meter, the instrument additionally provides most reliable results for key properties such as Octane Numbers, Distillation Properties and Vapor Pressure. A large number of country specific calibration samples are stored. Outlier fuels can be easily added even without a PC.
The portability and vehicle battery options are ideal for on-site field use.
MID-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY
The heart of the instrument is an extremely compact and rugged mid-FTIR spectrometer. Fully automatic optical realignment during the warm-up time ensures high stability even after long use or transport of the tester.
COMPLETE IR-SPECTRUM
Instead of a few filter-lines, the complete absorption spectrum is measured. This provides complete information of the substances present in gasoline and eliminates variations of the baseline and minimizes interferences. The detailed analysis in combination with the unique mathematical model, based on k-matrix correlation, cluster analysis (CA) and multi linear regression (MLR) make IROX 2000 the superior mid-IR gasoline analyzer to measure the composition of the gasoline and determine properties such as Octane Numbers, Distillation Point and Vapor Pressure.
IMPROVED CALCULATION MODEL FOR OCTANE NUMBERS DETERMINATION: NEW APPROACH TO A COMPLEX PROBLEM
An enhanced mathematical model, based on Multi Linear Regression (MLR) for the determination of the fuel properties leads to even more reliable results for RON, MON, Distillation temperatures, Total Aromatics, Olefins and Vapor Pressure. High Olefins concentrations (>40%v) and aromatics have a significant influence on the determination of RON & MON in multivariate models by using the concentrations of various components in the IR-spectrum.
The new model looks at peak amplitudes rather than concentrations behind every absorbance peak.
Finally, the calculation of the second derivative of the spectrum leads to a better reproducibility, a better resolution to distinguish overlapping peaks and the linear background is eliminated. The new model provides a better basis for correlation of the mentioned properties. Oxygenates like MTBE, ETBE and TAME also influence the octane properties of gasoline significantly. Lately the component TAME has been added to the calculation model for the determination of RON/MON: the peak intensities at the typical TAME positions in the gasoline spectrum are included in the calculation.
ON-SITE CALIBRATION
For the IROX 2000, a large number of international calibration samples are stored. Outlier fuels are identified and indicated by an alarm message. They can easily be added using the installed calibration menu (no PC necessary). Adding new samples takes less than 4 minutes, immediately improving the accuracy of the measurement.
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Portable Gasoline Analysis with mid-FTIR
Features
- 9 Specific Oxygenates (ASTM D5845)
- 14 Specific Aromatics and Benzene (ASTM D6277, correlation to EN238)
- Total Parameters: Aromatics, Oxygen, Olefins (incl. Di-Olefins) & Saturates (correlation to ASTM D1319)
- Octane numbers: RON, MON (correlation to ASTM D2699 and D2700)
- Calculation of AKI and Drivability Index
- Distillation properties: IBP, T10, T50, T90, FBP, E200, E300 (correlation to ASTM D86)
- Vapor Pressure (correlation to ASTM D5191 and D6378)
- MMT, Nitromethane and DCPD determination
- Optional 6-position sampler
- Built-In Density Meter (Anton Paar) to convert the concentration of substances from volume% to mass%
- Automatic Sample Introduction
- Small sample volume: 7ml
- Fast & easy on-site calibration:
Addition of outlier fuels to the correlation library in less than 4 min.
- Laboratory and Field Applications
- MINIWIN IROX-PC software
ONLY 3 MINUTES FOR A COMPLETE GASOLINE ANALYSIS
| PROPERTIES |
|
|
AROMATICS |
wt% |
| RON |
70 - 105 |
|
Benzene |
0 - 10% |
| MON |
70 - 95 |
|
Toluene |
0 - 20% |
| AKI |
80 - 100 |
|
o-Xylene |
0 - 20% |
| Distillation |
IBP, T10, T50, T90, FBP |
|
p-Xylene |
0 - 20% |
|
E200, E300 (°F) |
|
m-Xylene |
0 - 20% |
| RVP |
35 - 95 kPa |
|
Ethyl benzene |
0 - 20% |
| Driveability Index |
950 - 1380 |
|
Propyl benzene |
0 - 20% |
| Density |
0.500 - 1,999 g/cm3 |
|
2-Ethyl toluene |
0 - 20% |
| Precision of |
± 0.001 g/ccm3 |
|
3-Ethyl toluene |
0 - 20% |
| density measurement |
(SD = ± 0.0005 g/ccm3) |
|
4-Ethyl toluene |
0 - 20% |
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Mesitylene |
0 - 20% |
| COMPONENTS |
|
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Pseudocumene |
0 - 20% |
| MMT |
45 - 10,000 ppm |
|
Isodurene |
0 - 20% |
| Nitromethane |
0 - 9% |
|
Naphthalene |
0 - 10% |
| DCPD |
0 - 10% |
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TOTAL PARAMETERS *) |
|
| OXYGENATES |
|
|
Aromatics |
0 - 80% |
| MTBE |
0 - 20% |
|
Olefins |
0 - 50% |
| TAME |
0 - 20% |
|
Oxygen |
0 - 8% |
| ETBE |
0 - 20% |
|
Saturates |
20 - 100% |
| DIPE |
0 - 20% |
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| Methanol |
0 - 15% |
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| Ethanol |
0 - 25% |
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| Iso-Propanol |
0 - 20% |
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| 2-Butanol |
0 - 25% |
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| ter-Butanol |
0 - 25% |
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Technical Data
Display |
large graphics display, backlit |
| Warm-Up Time |
10 min. |
| Communication |
RS-232 serial port for PC & printer |
| Power Requirements |
100/110/230/240 V AC, 50/60 Hz, 65 W |
| Field Application |
12 V/4A DC (vehicle battery) |
| W x H x D |
200 x 320 x 220 mm (7.9" x 12.6" x 8.7") |
| Weight |
11 kg (24 lb) |
Options & Accessories:
Printer and PC recommended, MINIWIN IROX software: results data storage, upload/download spectra of interest, view IR-spectra graphics ...
Comparison IROX 2000 and ASTM D1319 FIA
| |
Repeatability |
|
Reproducibility |
|
|
IROX 2000 |
ASTM D1319 |
IROX 2000 |
ASTM D1319 |
|
(V%) |
(V%) |
(V%) |
(V%) |
| Olefins @ 26 V% |
0.86 |
1.8 |
1.42 |
7.4 |
| Olefins @ 35 V% |
0.92 |
2.0 |
2.09 |
8.2 |
| Aromatics @ 23 V% |
0.7 |
1.4 |
1.78 |
3.0 |
| Aromatics @ 30 V% |
0.87 |
1.4 |
1.84 |
3.1 |
| Saturates @ 38 V% |
1.1 |
1.7 |
3.2 |
5.4 |
| Saturates @ 42 V% |
1.2 |
1.7 |
3.2 |
5.5 |
Principle
 The light of an infrared source (1) is collimated by the mirror (2) and is divided into two equivalent beams with the beamsplitter (3). One beam is reflected by the fixed mirror (4) and the second beam is reflected by the scanning mirror (5). Both beams are recombined in the beamsplitter and travel through the measuring cell (6), which is filled with the unknown sample. The combined beam is collimated onto the infrared-detector (8). The two beams can interfere after the beamsplitter and make a constructive interference for all wavelengths if the two path lengths are equal. If the scanning mirror is shifted, constructive interference is possible only for a wavelength which is a multiple of the shift. The intensity on the detector varies like the cosine-Fourier transform of the spectrum. These values are stored for later evaluation. Performing a Fourier-transform of the stored values after the scan, the absorption spectrum of the unknown mixture is evaluated. The concentration of the various components is calculated using a matrix transformation of 962 x 32 points.
Evaluation of the concentration of oxygenates, aromatics, and olefins in gasoline:
Alcohols and Ethers show strong characteristic absorption lines in the range of 800 cm-1 to 1350 cm-1 (7.4 µm to 12.5 µm). Additionally Alcohols have a strong absorption band in the range of 3000 cm-1 to 3700 cm-1 (2.7 µm to 3.3 µm). Similar, Aromatics have strong absorption bands in the range of 650 cm-1 to 800 cm-1 (12.5 µm to 15.4 µm). Olefins absorb weakly around 950 cm-1 (10.5µm). If the spectrum is measured and analyzed in the range of 650 cm-1 to 3700 cm-1 (2.7 µm to 15.4 µm), simultaneous evaluation of concentrations of oxygenates, aromatics, and olefins is possible.
A typical absorption spectrum of a gasoline sample is shown in the following diagram:
The following components were dissolved in this gasoline sample:
Isopropanol, MTBE, Ethanol, Benzene, Toluene, o-Xylene, p-Xylene, m-Xylene, Ethylbenzene, Pseudocumene, 3-Ethyltoluene, 2-Ethyltoluene.
Continuous product development may make it necessary to change product specifications without notice. |
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ASTM D4814
Standard Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
ASTM D2699
Standard Test Method for Research Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
ASTM D2700
Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
ASTM D1319
Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption
ASTM D5845
Standard Test Method for Determination of MTBE, ETBE, TAME, DIPE, Methanol, Ethanol and tert-Butanol in Gasoline by Infrared Spectroscopy
ASTM D6277
Standard Test Method for Determination of Benzene in Spark-Ignition Engine Fuels Using Mid Infrared Spectroscopy
ASTM D86
Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric Pressure
ASTM D7344
Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric Pressure (Mini Method)
EN ISO 3405
Petroleum products -- Determination of distillation characteristics at atmospheric pressure
ASTM D323
Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method)
ASTM D5191
Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Mini Method)
ASTM D6378
Standard Test Method for Determination of Vapor Pressure (VPX) of Petroleum Products, Hydrocarbons, and Hydrocarbon-Oxygenate Mixtures (Triple Expansion Method)
EN 228
Automotive fuels - Unleaded petrol - Requirements and test methods
EN 238
Liquid petroleum products - Petrol - Determination of the benzene content by infrared spectrometry
EN ISO 3405
Petroleum products -- Determination of distillation characteristics at atmospheric pressure
EN ISO 5163
Petroleum products -- Determination of knock characteristics of motor and aviation fuels -- Motor method
EN ISO 5164
Petroleum products -- Determination of knock characteristics of motor fuels -- Research method
EN13016-1+2
PART 1: Liquid petroleum products - Vapour pressure - Part 1: Determination of air saturated vapour pressure (ASVP) and calculated dry vapour pressure equivalent (DVPE)
PART 2: Liquid petroleum products - Vapour pressure - Part 2: Determination of absolute pressure(AVP) between 40 °C and 100 °C
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